Édouard-Montpetit station - Large image

Ligne 5 bleue ÉDOUARD-MONTPETIT

Architect

Architects

Patrice Gauthier (BTM)
REM station (2025): Lemay, Perkins+Will, Bisson Fortin

Inaugurated

Start of service

January 4, 1988
REM station: November 17, 2025

Art & Architecture

View of the trainroom from the Snowdon platform. The trainroom is dug in tunnel. The platform walls are decorated with horizontal stripes of grey and pink granite, and lined with extravagant hot pink benches. The floor is patterned with dark grey lozenges on a pale grey and pink background. A narrow transept intersects the trainroom, with likewise narrow staircases leading up to it on either side of the crossover. The elevators are set off by sections of wall that reproduce the original striped pattern in monochrome grey (centre right). The usual strip light fixtures are enhanced with circular baffles.

As this station’s shape was tightly constrained by obstacles including a major underground aqueduct and a ventilation shaft from the Mount Royal railway tunnel, as well as planning for a possible future intermodal station on that tunnel, the architect chose to unite its disparate elements with a consistent and remarkable colour scheme featuring varying shades of pink, giving the station a dreamlike, ethereal quality.

The trainroom, looking west from the tail of the Snowdon platform. The crossover is flanked by pairs of narrow stairwells leading up to the transept level. Hemispherical lamps on the walls lead upward along one of the stairwells from the Snowdon platform up to the crossover.

Inspired by the station’s planned name, commemorating the French composer Vincent d’Indy, and by the proximity of the Université de Montréal faculty of music and the Salle Claude-Champagne concert hall, the colours suggest the emotions inspired by music. In a similar cultural vein, the banding on the walls and the diamond-shaped patterns on the floor (each level of the station has its own similar but distinctive pattern) are references to Renaissance styles, such as the polychromed façade and pavement of the Duomo of Florence.1 The hemispherical light fixtures on the walls over the stairwells are an additional fanciful touch.

The station's grey, pale pink, and darker pink floor tiles form distinctive patterns on each level; here, a diamond pattern on the platform level. The station's grey, pale pink, and darker pink floor tiles form distinctive patterns on each level; here, a broken diamond pattern on the transept level. The station's grey, pale pink, and darker pink floor tiles form distinctive patterns on each level; here, a pattern of cross shapes on the ticket hall level.

The station’s most recognizable elements are its unforgettable platform benches of moulded concrete, designed with high curving backs and painted a shocking pink. Continuing the post-modernist take on the Renaissance theme, the curved backpieces suggest the form of baldachins; they also provide a forced perspective effect that makes the trainroom vault appear higher.1 Unfortunately, these benches’ design owes more to considerations of style than comfort, as they do not seem to be planned for either the average back or the average backside.

Front view of one of the unique platform benches in hot pink concrete, with curved backpieces arching overhead. Oblique view of the platform benches at the west end of the Snowdon platform.

The trainroom, built in tunnel, is connected by a narrow transept and a deep, broad stairwell to the ticket hall, just below street level.

The comparatively narrow transept vault that intersects the trainroom, looking northward toward the stairs to the Snowdon platform. The crossover is flanked by surprisingly narrow overlooks onto the platforms. The end of the transept vault, at the top of the stairs to the Snowdon platform, was redone in bright scarlet tiles when the elevator (passage at left) was added.
Panorama of the metro station’s largest volume, the deep, impressive stairwell between the ticket hall and the crossover level. From the foot of the stairs and escalators, passengers turn a corner to reach the narrow transept vault (left) that houses the crossover to the Snowdon platform. At far left, framed in red, is the passage leading to the main elevator and its auxiliary staircase.

The low-ceilinged ticket hall extends lengthwise to connect to the station’s entrances. The multiple structural constraints imposed an irregular, fluid shape for this space,2 in serendipitous continuity with the touch of fantasy in the station’s decor. The same shades of pink are used on the walls and floors, although the walls use more gradients than stripes. The space’s pillars, with their distinctive wide circular capitals, actually support the roadway overhead. The ceiling is patterned with circular coffers and the same hemispherical lamps as downstairs.

Panorama of the ticket hall, featuring pillars whose circular capitals match the circular ceiling coffers. The gateline leading to the main stairwell to down to the transept is at left. The concourse at right connects to the Édouard-Montpetit entrance located below the CEPSUM (centre right background) and the Vincent-D'Indy entrance (far right). View of the ticket hall from the foot of the stairs to the Vincent-D'Indy entrance, right. The hallway to the Édouard-Montpetit/CEPSUM entrance is in the centre background. This level's distinctive floor tiling is shown.
Panorama of the ticket hall, facing the gateline. The passage at right leads to the Édouard-Montpetit/CEPSUM entrance and the elevator; the one at left leads to the REM station.
Panorama of the west end of the ticket hall. The stairs to the Vincent-D'Indy access, the passage to the REM, and the gateline are at left. The passage toward the Édouard-Montpetit/CEPSUM entrance and elevator (right) leads past an overlook onto the main stairwell.
The hallway from the ticket hall to the Édouard-Montpetit/CEPSUM entrance passes an overlook (left) onto the main stairwell down to the transept level. The secondary gateline here leads to the main elevator. The impressive overlook from the west end of the ticket hall onto the main stairwell. The ticket hall's secondary gateline leading to the main elevator, which is tucked away in a niche near the stairs up to the Édouard-Montpetit/CEPSUM entrance (left).

A hallway at the western end of the ticket hall, overlooking the deep volume of the stairwell, leads to the main entrance. Built below the main hall of the CEPSUM sports complex, this entrance also offers an underground city link into the complex.

View along Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit showing the station's three accesses. In the foreground at right, the Édouard-Montpetit/CEPSUM access; in the background at left, the Vincent-D'Indy headhouse, with the REM headhouse behind it. The Édouard-Montpetit access is nestled underneath the CEPSUM building.
Interior of the Édouard-Montpetit entrance. At centre is the independent gateline leading to the main elevator and its auxiliary staircase. At centre-right are the stairs to the ticket hall; at right is the underground city access to the CEPSUM sports centre.
The independent fare-paid zone in the Édouard-Montpetit entrance gives access to the main elevator (left) and its auxiliary staircase (centre). The underground city access from the CEPSUM lobby down to the Édouard-Montpetit entrance.

This entrance was considerably expanded to host the top of one of the metro station’s two elevator shafts, completed in 2026. The main shaft connects the entrance, ticket hall level, crossover, and Saint-Michel platform, and is equipped with separate gatelines at street and ticket hall levels. This elevator is accompanied by a surprisingly large, additional stairwell directly down to the platform level. (Unusually, the stairwell, unlike the elevator, skips the ticket hall level, as it descends from inside the separate gateline at street level.)

The foot of the main elevator and its auxiliary stairwell on the Saint-Michel platform. The entrance to the main elevator and auxiliary stairwell from the transept is framed by bright scarlet tiling. To the right, a section of curvaceous vertical metal tubes is preserved from the grille over the air shaft that previously occupied this location. The main elevator at transept level, with its auxiliary stairwell behind. The strikingly large concrete-walled space occupies a former air shaft and is enhanced with scarlet and black tiled accent walls.

The stairwell is built within a ventilation shaft, whose presence is recalled by a section of its original, unique curved grille bars at the transept level. The stairwell and elevator shaft, and its smaller counterpart between the crossover and the Snowdon platform, are lined in sections of glazed tiles in brilliant scarlet or black, scarlet panels, smooth exposed concrete, dark flooring, and at platform level, sections of wall that follow the original striped pattern but in shades of grey.

The auxiliary stairwell accompanying the main elevator, framed by a bright scarlet balustrade and a black accent wall. This section is between the platform and transept levels. The elevator shaft towers in the background. The auxiliary stairwell accompanying the main elevator, framed by a bright scarlet balustrade and black accent walls, looking up from the transept level. The auxiliary stairwell accompanying the main elevator, framed by a bright scarlet balustrade and a black accent wall, looking down from the landing above the transept level. The auxiliary stairwell accompanying the main elevator, framed by a bright scarlet balustrade and parapet and a black accent wall, looking down toward the second landing below the surface. The parapet overlooks the transept level below and a window looks into the elevator shaft. The auxiliary stairwell accompanying the main elevator, framed by a bright scarlet balustrade, looking up toward street level.
The platform entrance to the elevator and auxiliary stairwell between the Snowdon platform and the crossover. The top of the elevator and auxiliary stairwell from the crossover down to the Snowdon platform. The entrances from the platforms to the elevators (here, on the Saint-Michel platform) are framed by sections of wall which reproduce the platform walls’ original stripe patterns in shades of grey.

Across the street from the main entrance, a headhouse at the corner of Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit and Avenue Vincent-D’Indy has an unusual spindle shape that follows the curves of the road. It is built in steel, glass, and concrete with hot pink details and moulded concrete decoration. The nearly entirely glazed building opens directly onto the ticket hall, admitting sunlight into the space.

The stairs leading up from the ticket hall to the Vincent-D'Indy headhouse. Note the unique handrails, with an unusual curve and spherical finials, and the balustrades with grid-like details at the top edge; similar but visually distinct from the metro's standard fittings, with an extra touch of elegance. The interior of the spindle-shaped Vincent-D'Indy headhouse, seen from the stairs below. The interior of the almost entirely glazed Vincent-D'Indy headhouse. The windows are decorated by a row of etched squares on their top edge.
The entrance-side exterior of the Vincent-D'Indy headhouse, framed by low concrete walls on either side. The entrance faces away from the street onto a small plaza. The scarlet frames around the extensive glazing visually connects the entrance to the station below. The roof overhang is emphasized with metal panels. The Vincent-D'Indy headhouse seen from across the street. The façade follows the curve of the street.

In 2025, the metro station was connected to the REM line running through the Mount Royal Tunnel. In an engineering feat, a shaft was dug 72 metres down to the century-old tunnel and platforms excavated along it, creating Canada’s deepest rail station and North America’s second-deepest.

The new REM station took the place of the former Marie-Victorin exit on the east end of the metro station concourse. The original headhouse was demolished in 2018 and replaced with a new headhouse in the characteristic REM style: a fully glazed rectangular box with white vertical stripes to filter the sun. The split-level headhouse exits onto the street at its south end; a lower-level exit on the east side gives access to the Université de Montréal’s Marie-Victorin building.

The REM station headhouse, seen from its northwest corner: a fully glazed rectangular box with white stripes on the windows to break up the sun. The main entrance to the REM station headhouse, on its south end. Interior of the REM headhouse, on the level of the upper (main) entrance, overlooking the elevator lobby.
The secondary entrance to the REM station headhouse, on its east side, facing the Université de Montréal's Pavillon Marie-Victorin. Interior of the REM headhouse, on the level of the lower entrance. Stairs (centre right) come down from the upper level and continue (left) to the elevator lobby.

One storey below, but still within the headhouse volume, is the elevator lobby, hosting the heads of the five high-speed elevators that plunge twenty storeys down to connect with the REM station’s ticket hall. This upper elevator lobby also contains the link to the metro concourse, via a hallway that preserves some of the station’s original concrete ceiling with its characteristic circular coffers.

View of the elevator lobby from the main entrance level above. The entrance to the elevator lobby from the stairs from the headhouse (right) and from the metro station (left). The elevator lobby, on the basement level of the headhouse. Five high-speed elevators (left) take passengers down to the REM station twenty storeys below.
The connection between the REM station and the metro ticket hall. Note the concrete ceiling with round coffers, part of the original hallway that previously led to the metro headhouse demolished to make way for the REM station. The access to the REM station on the east side of the metro station ticket hall, equipped with a ramp for wheelchair accessibility.

Inside each elevator car, animated LED lighting strips track the elevators’ descent or ascent. The feet of the elevators have doors on both sides, opening into a U-shaped lower lobby where passengers going down can exit out the back before passengers going up get on in the front – although for some reason this feature is not automatically activated at this time. Also, the five elevators available are proving inadequate at times to handle the station’s passenger volumes, particularly during the university term.3

The rear of the elevator bank in the ticket hall level, where passengers going down can exit the elevators before passengers going up enter on the other side. At right, a passage leads to the ticket hall. The REM station's ticket hall. The elevators are at right, with monitors indicating their status; at left, the gateline leads to the crossover providing access to the platforms.
The REM station's gateline, looking back toward the elevators. One of Manuel Mathieu's mosaics is at right. The crossover hallway connecting the REM station's platforms to the ticket hall, right. The hallway is decorated with five mosaics by Manuel Mathieu, entitled Le Mont habité. At the end of the hallway (left), a section of bedrock has been left exposed.

The lower elevator lobby leads to the ticket hall, and then to a crossover hall, from which a staircase, an upward escalator, and an elevator lead to each of the two platforms.

From the crossover hallway (left), a stairwell and an upward escalator (as well as an elevator, not shown) lead down to each platform, here platform 1 serving outbound trains. At the far end of the crossover hallway (left), a stairwell and an upward escalator connect to platform 2 serving inbound trains. A section of exposed bedrock stands at the top of the stairs. The foot of the stairs from one of the platforms up to the crossover and ticket hall.
A recessed area in each platform hosts the elevator up to the crossover. The screen doors along the platform face are at left. Platform 2, seen as an inbound train departs behind the platform screen doors.

The REM station’s decor is completely separate from that of the metro station, and is quite plain. Most of the station is clad in white enamelled metal panels whose varying widths create a certain aesthetic rhythm. The panels are horizontal on the platforms and vertical elsewhere. The station is part of the “urban/mixed” stylistic section of the REM, based around the colour red;4 certain areas on the crossover level and in the headhouse are accented by walls in patterns of matte and glossy red tiles that suggest the brickwork used in the area.5 Elements such as the rectangular station box, pale grey tile floors, platform screen doors, and continuous light fixtures with linear LED elements are shared with other stations.

In the headhouse, an accent wall in red matte and glossy tile shows the station's signature pattern. Red is the thematic colour of this section of the REM, in patterns representing red brick in the surrounding architecture. A platform bench, in black metal with red bars matching the red thematic section of the REM line. Behind it is the white enamelled metal wall panelling used throughout the station.

However, two features of this station’s decor stand out. First, in various locations in the platform and crossover levels, wide, full-height spaces feature exposed sections of the surrounding rock, dramatically lit and artistically “framed” with a darker surround. These striking segments both emphasize the station’s great depth and engineering prowess, and recall the similar, though smaller, features on the blue line’s two other transfer stations, Snowdon and Jean-Talon.

A panorama of one of the platforms centred on one of the station's sections of exposed bedrock. Another section of exposed bedrock, this one on outbound platform 1.

These showcases are echoed in a way by five large, full-height mosaics along the crossover. These brilliantly coloured abstract works by Manuel Mathieu, entitled Le Mont habité, were inspired by microscopic details that the artist observed in samples of the surrounding volcanic rock. The lively mosaics are a welcome element of colour and life in the depths of the station.

The crossover connecting the ticket hall to the platforms is lined by large, brightly coloured mosaics, an artwork entitled Le Mont habité by Manuel Mathieu. Four of the five mosaics are visible here, between the two stairwells to the platforms; the fifth is closer to the gateline. The first section of Le Mont habité by Manuel Mathieu, an abstract mosaic in midnight blue and pink, located near the gateline.
The second section of Le Mont habité by Manuel Mathieu, an abstract mosaic in sky blue and red, located on the south wall of the crossover hallway near the elevator to platform 1. The third section of Le Mont habité by Manuel Mathieu, an abstract mosaic in yellow and royal blue, located on the far end of the south wall of the crossover hallway, near the elevator to platform 2.
The fourth section of Le Mont habité by Manuel Mathieu, an abstract mosaic in dark blue-purple and green, located on the far end of the north wall of the crossover hallway, near the stairs to platform 2. The fifth section of Le Mont habité by Manuel Mathieu, an abstract mosaic in peach, lavender, and green-brown, located on the north wall of the crossover hallway, near the stairs to platform 1.

Accessibility

This station is equipped with elevators for wheelchair accessibility. Two elevators are installed in the metro station. One connects the Édouard-Montpetit access (access A), the ticket hall level (for access to the REM station), the crossover level, and the Saint-Michel platform. This elevator has independent gatelines at street level and ticket hall level. (Accordingly, payment would be necessary to use this elevator between street level and the ticket hall; fare-free elevator access is available via the REM station entrance.) The second elevator is between the crossover level and the Snowdon platform. Although the first elevator serves the access just below the CEPSUM, there is no elevator access to the CEPSUM itself.

Work to install elevators in advance of the REM project began on August 10, 2020; it was greatly prolonged due to geological difficulties,6 and the elevators opened to the public on March 31, 2026.

As for the REM station, it was equipped with elevators from its construction. A first elevator connects the two entrance levels (at the south and east sides of the headhouse) with the basement level, which also connects to the metro station. From that level, five high-speed elevators descend to the ticket hall level; from there, two elevators connect the ticket hall to the two REM platforms. The connection between the metro and REM stations is equipped with a ramp.

History & Trivia

Traffic

Traffic

1,240,081 entrances in 2023 (prior to REM opening)
59th busiest station

Platform depth

Platform Depth

Metro station: 16.6 m deep
29th deepest station
REM station: 72 m deep (deepest underground station in Canada; see Trivia below)

Interstation distances

Interstation Distances

To Université-de-Montréal: 667.60 metres
To Outremont: 1090.60 metres

Origin of the Name

Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit. Édouard Montpetit (1881-1954), a lawyer with degrees in political and social sciences, founded the Université de Montréal’s school of social sciences in 1920 and took up its leadership. During his long career at the university, he served as secretary general, dean of the faculty of social sciences, member of the academic senate, and member of the administration commission, and taught for 44 years until his death. Avenue Maplewood was renamed for him in 1967.

Name during the planning stage: Vincent-D’Indy.2 The name was changed at the request of the Université de Montréal.1

Édouard Montpetit

Édouard Montpetit
(Source7)

Trivia

  • Because of the complexity of the station’s underground environment, including water mains and a ventilation shaft from the Mount Royal tunnel, the station took 2½ years to plan. Among other things, the ceiling of the mezzanine hides the structure of a bridge supporting the street above.1 As a result, the median barrier on Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit over the station shares stylistic details with the station’s headhouse.
1976 BTM map of planned extensions showing the station’s name as Vincent-D'Indy.

1976 BTM map of planned extensions showing the station’s name as Vincent-D’Indy
(Source8)

Architectural sketch of the trainroom. Notice the curved lampposts along the edge of the transept, since removed.

Architectural sketch of the trainroom. Notice the curved lampposts along the edge of the transept, since removed.
(Source2)

Architectural maquette showing the original three accesses to the station.

Architectural maquette showing the original three accesses to the station.
(Source9)

Architectural maquette showing the surface level, ticket hall, accesses, and stairwell to the transept.

Architectural maquette showing the surface level, ticket hall, accesses, and stairwell to the transept.
(Source10)

View of Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit showing the median barrier and railing in the same style as the headhouses.

View of Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit showing the median barrier and railing in the same style as the headhouses.

  • This station was originally conceived as a transfer station between the blue line and a future surface metro line 3, which would have replaced the Deux-Montagnes commuter train line on the CN right-of-way. The plan was included in and helped to shape the architect’s design for the station,2 but was shelved due to the enormous cost of the construction work it would have involved. However, the plan resurfaced from time to time, before construction ultimately began as part of the REM light rail project. On the platform level, a widened area east of the transept shows where the connection to the planned train station was to be built;1 this was ultimately not used by the REM project.
  • The Université de Montréal was reluctant to sell the land on which the station was to be built, for fear of unbalancing its revenues and jeopardizing its subsidies. Instead, the BTM compensated it in kind by connecting the CEPSUM to the station and by building a connection between the two CEPSUM buildings, separate from the station, as part of the station’s construction project.1, 2 As a result, the architecture of this connection has visible commonalities with that of the station’s original headhouses.
Architectural rendering showing how the metro station was to be connected to a future commuter train station on the Mount Royal Tunnel via a bank of elevators connecting to the ticket hall fare-paid zone as well as a direct access from the platforms.

Architectural rendering showing how the metro station was to be connected to a future commuter train station on the Mount Royal Tunnel via a bank of elevators connecting to the ticket hall fare-paid zone as well as a direct access from the platforms.
(Source11)

Recessed area of the trainroom vault planned as the location of a direct connection between the platforms and the elevators providing transfer to a future commuter train station on the Mount Royal Tunnel.

Recessed area of the trainroom vault planned as the location of a direct connection between the platforms and the elevators providing transfer to a future commuter train station on the Mount Royal Tunnel.

The above-ground connecting bridge between the two CEPSUM buildings, built by the BTM as in-kind compensation to the Université de Montréal.

The above-ground connecting bridge between the two CEPSUM buildings, built by the BTM as in-kind compensation to the Université de Montréal.

  • The original plans provided for an interior connection between the hallway to the Marie-Victorin headhouse (since demolished and replaced by the REM entrance) and the university’s Pavillon Marie-Victorin.2
  • During finishing work on the station, a major aqueduct was accidentally pierced. The station and tunnel were quickly flooded, before the water drained to the lowest point of the line, the tunnel between Acadie and Parc.
  • Continuing with the Renaissance theme, the transept bridge originally had a row of lamps, forming an effect described by the architect Patrice Gauthier as a “Bridge of Sighs.”1 However, these have since been removed.
  • The metro station’s trainroom is slightly curved.1
  • At 72 metres (about 20 storeys) below the surface, the REM station is the deepest underground station in Canada and the second deepest in North America,12 after Washington Park light rail station in Portland, Oregon.
Looking down the hallway from the ticket hall to the now-demolished Marie-Victorin access. Note the different floor tiling pattern in the raised hallway. The ceiling with its distinctive circular coffers was retained in the connection with the REM station.

Looking down the hallway from the ticket hall to the now-demolished Marie-Victorin access. Note the different floor tiling pattern in the raised hallway. The ceiling with its distinctive circular coffers was retained in the connection with the REM station.

Interior of the now-demolished Marie-Victorin headhouse.

Interior of the now-demolished Marie-Victorin headhouse.

Oblique view of the exterior of the now-demolished Marie-Victorin headhouse.    Side view of the exterior of the now-demolished Marie-Victorin headhouse.

Exterior of the now-demolished Marie-Victorin headhouse.

The REM station headhouse under construction in December 2022.

The REM station headhouse under construction in December 2022.

Views of the station prior to the installation of elevators:

Panorama of the platforms prior to the installation of elevators.

Panorama of the platforms

The transept prior to the installation of elevators, with an air shaft where the main elevator will be built.

The transept, with an air shaft where the main elevator will be built

Interior of the Édouard-Montpetit access prior to the installation of elevators. Exterior of the Édouard-Montpetit access prior to the installation of elevators.

The Édouard-Montpetit access

General Information

Platform diagram

Most convenient metro cars to use when travelling to this station

Platform diagram - Édouard-Montpetit station

Station surroundings

Édouard-Montpetit - Station surroundings

Station address

Metro station:
Borough of Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce

A Édouard-Montpetit entrance: 2040 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, at Avenue Vincent-D’Indy
B Vincent-D’Indy entrance: 5450 Avenue Vincent-D’Indy, at Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit

REM station:
Borough of Outremont
80 Avenue Vincent-D’Indy, at Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit

OpenStreetMap link
Google Maps link

STM neighbourhood map (PDF)

Official websites

Service information, opening hours, frequency, bus routes

STM logo
STM logo

Most recent update: 2026-09-21

References
  1. Gauthier, Patrice. Presentation during tour of blue line stations. September 29, 2017. ↩ ↩ ↩ ↩ ↩ ↩ ↩ ↩
  2. Patrice Gauthier, architecte. La station Vincent-D'Indy (presentation document for the Bureau de transport métropolitain). February 1983. Archives de la Ville de Montréal, dossier CA M001 XCD001-D19, item 1D-06-01-13F. ↩ ↩ ↩ ↩ ↩ ↩
  3. Bordeleau, Stéphane. (2026, January 14.) “Des files d’attente font pester les usagers du REM à la station Édouard-Montpetit.” Radio-Canada. ↩
  4. CDPQ Infra. (2024, July 29). “Les thèmes de couleurs du REM.” REM.info. ↩
  5. CDPQ Infra. (2020, October 29). “À quoi ressembleront les stations aériennes du REM? Découvrez-le à travers une vidéo 3D de la future station Fairview-Pointe-Claire.” REM.info. See “La céramique,” slide 2. ↩
  6. STM. Minutes of board of directors meeting, December 10, 2025. Pp. 9-10. ↩
  7. Albert Dumas. Portrait of Édouard Montpetit. 1927. Photograph. Archives de l’Université de Montréal. Source: Wikimedia Commons. ↩
  8. Image source: Gaston, J. (1976.) Le métro de Montréal. Montreal: Bureau de transport métropolitain. ↩
  9. © STM archives. ↩
  10. Collection of Patrice Gauthier, architect. ↩
  11. Source: Image provided by Marc Lusignan, apparently from or related to Gauthier, La station Vincent-D’Indy (op.cit.), but not found in the copy consulted by the author in the Montreal archives. ↩
  12. Stang, Ron. (2021, August 6.) “A deep dive into North America’s second deepest subway station.” Daily Commercial News. ↩